Zitierweise / cite as:
Carakasaṃhitā: Ausgewählte Texte aus der Carakasaṃhitā / übersetzt und erläutert von Alois Payer <1944 - >. -- Anhang A: Pflanzenbeschreibungen. -- Holarrhena antidysenterica (Roxb. ex Flem.) Wall. -- Fassung vom 2007-06-29. -- URL: http://www.payer.de/ayurveda/pflanzen/holarrhena_antidysenterica.htm
Erstmals publiziert: 2007-03-19
Überarbeitungen: 2007-06-29 [Ergänzungen]; 2007-05-10 [Ergänzungen]
Anlass: Lehrveranstaltung SS 2007
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Abb.: Holarrhena antidysenterica (Roxb. ex Flem.) Wall.
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2007-06-29. --
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Abb.: Holarrhena antidysenterica (Roxb. ex Flem.) Wall.
[Bildquelle: Kirtikar-Basu, ©1918]
Drury:
"Holarrhena antidysenterica (Wall.) N. O. Apocynaceae. Description.—Shrub; leaves opposite, entire, elliptic, very obtuse at the base, acute or abruptly acuminated at the apex; calycine lobes lanceolate; corolla cup-shaped, tube dilated between the base and the middle, throat contracted ; stamens inserted between the base and middle of the tube; cymes many-flowered, terminal; flowers puberulous, white; follicles a foot long. Fl. Feb.—May.— Wight Icon. t. 439.-------Chittagong. Malabar. Peninsula.
Medical Uses.—The bark of this shrub was formerly imported into Europe under the names of Conessi bark, Codaga pala, Corte de pala, and Tellicherry bark. It has a bitter taste. It has astringent and tonic properties, but has obtained its chief repute as a remedy in dysentery. Cases have occurred of its having succeeded as a remedy in that complaint when Ipecacuanha and other remedies had failed. It has also been extensively employed as an anti-periodic. The seeds are also highly valued by the natives in dysenteric affections. They are narrow, elongated, about half an inch long, of a cinnamon-brown colour, convex on one side, and concave and marked with a longitudinal pale line on the other, easily broken, bitter to the taste, and of a heavy unpleasant odour. They are often confounded with the seeds of Wrightia tinctoria, to which they bear a general resemblance. An infusion of the toasted seeds is a gentle and safe astringent in bowel-complaints, and is given to allay the vomiting in cholera. — (Ainslie.) Anthelmintic virtues are also assigned to them. During the last cattle-plague epidemic in Bengal they were extensively employed, being regarded as possessing certain specific virtues.—(Indian Med. Gazette. Pharm. of India.) A variety of the above, the H. pubescens, is also an esteemed remedy for dysentery and bowel-complaints, the seeds being the parts used. The bark also possesses astringent, tonic properties, and is employed in fevers.—Wight."
[Quelle: Drury, Heber <1819 - 1872>: The useful plants of India : with notices of their chief value in commerce, medicine, and the arts. -- 2d ed. with additions and corrections. London : Allen, 1873. -- xvi, 512 p. ; 22 cm. -- s.v.]
Dutt:
"HOLARRHENA ANTIDYSENTERICA, R. Br. Sans. Kuṭaja, Kāliṅga.
Vern. Kurchi, Beng. Kureyā, Kaureyā, Hind.The bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica constitutes the principal medicine for dysentery in the Hindu Pharmacopeia. Before the discovery of the efficacy of ipecacuanha in this disease, many chronic cases which did not get well under European medical treatment, used to be cured by the Kavirajes, by their preparations of this bark. The seeds called Indrayava in Sanskrit and Indrajav in the vernacular, are also used in medicine, they being regarded as astringent, febrifuge and useful in fever, dysentery, diarrhoea, and intestinal worms.
The bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica is administered in a variety of ways. The expressed juice of the bark is given with honey. A fluid extract of the bark is given with the addition of ginger and ātis. A compound decoction called Kuṭajāṣṭaka is thus prepared. Take of kuṭaja bark, ātis, root of Stephania hernandifolia ( pāṭhā ), flowers of Woodfordia floribunda ( dhātaki), bark of Symplocos racemosa (lodhra), root of Pavonia odorata ( bālā ), rind of pomegranate fruit, and the tubers of Cyperus rotundus (mustaka), quarter tolā each, water thirty-two tolās; boil together till reduced to one-fourth.
Kuṭajaleka or confection of kuṭaja bark. Take of kuṭaja bark twelve seers and a half, water sixty-four seers ; boil down to sixteen seers and strain. Boil the strained decoction till reduced to a thick consistence, then add sachal salt, yavakshāra. vit salt, rock salt, long pepper, flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhātaki), indrayava seeds and cumin seeds, each sixteen tolās, in fine powder, and prepare a confection. Dose, about a drachm with honey in chronic and acute dysentery.
Paṭhādya churna. Take of the root of Stephania hernandifolia, Fruit of Aegle Marmelos ( vilva ), plumbago root, long pepper, black pepper, ginger, bark of Eugenia Jambolana, rind of pomegranate fruit, flowers of Woodfordia floribunda ( dhātaki ), root of Picrorrhiza Kurroa ( kaṭuki), ātis, tubers of Cyperus rotundus ( mustaka ), wood of Berberis Asiatica ( dārvi), chiretā, seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica ( indrayava ), one part each, kuṭaja bark, equal in weight to all the above ingredients ; powder them finely and mix. Dose, about one to two scruples to be taken with rice-water and honey.
Another compound powder called Gangādhara churna, is of similar composition to the above, with a few additional substances.
Kuṭajāriṣṭa. or fermented liquor of kuṭaja. Take of kuṭaja root-bark, twelve seers and a half, raisins, six seers and a quarter, flowers of Bassia latifolia ( madhuka ), and bark of Gmelina arborea (gambhāri), eighty tolās each ; boil them together in two hundred and fifty-six seers of water, till reduced to sixty-four seers, and strain. Then add flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhātaki), two seers and a half, treacle twelve seers and a half, and let the mixture ferment for a month, after which it will be ready for use. Dose, one to three ounces.
An oil for external application called Grahanimihira taila is prepared with sesamum oil, decoction of kuṭaja bark and a number of astringent and aromatic substances in small quantities.
Pradarāri lauha. Take of kuṭaja bark, twelve seers and a half and prepare a fluid extract as in the preparation called kuṭajaleha, above described. Then add the following substances in fine powder, namely, gum of Bombax Malabaricum ( mocharasa ), Indian madder, root of Stephania hernandifolia, (pāṭhā ), bela fruit, tubers of Cyperus rotundus ( mustaka ), flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhātaki), ātis, prepared talc and iron, each eight tolās, mix them intimately and prepare a confection. Dose, about a drachm. This preparation is given in menorrhagia and other discharges from the uterus.
The seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica enter into the composition of a good many prescriptions for fever, bowel complaints, piles, intestinal worms, etc. The following are a few illustrations : Take of indrayava seeds and the tubers of Cyperus rotundus ( mustaka ), each four tolās, rub them into a paste with water and boil in one seer of water, till the latter is reduced to one-fourth. This boiled emulsion is given in doses of about a half to one ounce with honey. A decoction of Indrayava seeds in usual proportions is used for checking bleeding from Piles. It is given with the addition of ginger.
Laghu gangādhara churna. Take of indrayava seeds, tubers of Cyperus rotundus, ( mustaka ), bela fruit, bark of Symplocos racemosa (lodhra ), gum of Bombax Malabaricum ( mocharasa ), and flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhātaki) equal parts; powder and mix. Dose, about a drachm with butter-milk and treacle, in various sorts of bowel complaints."
[Quelle: Dutt, Uday Chand: The materia medica of the Hindus / Uday Chand Dutt. With a glossary of Indian plants by George King. -- 2. ed. with additions and alterations / by Binod Lall Sen & Ashutosh Sen. -- Calcutta, 1900. - XVIII, 356 S. -- S. 192 - 195.]