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Carakasaṃhitā: Ausgewählte Texte aus der Carakasaṃhitā / übersetzt und erläutert von Alois Payer <1944 - >. -- Anhang A: Pflanzenbeschreibungen. -- Phyllanthus emblica L. -- Fassung vom 2007-06-27. -- URL: http://www.payer.de/ayurveda/pflanzen/phyllanthus_emblica.htm
Erstmals publiziert: 2007-06-27
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Anlass: Lehrveranstaltung SS 2007
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Phyllanthus emblica L.
[Bildquelle. Wikipedia]
Drury:
"Emblica officinalis (Gaertn.) N. O. Euphorbiaceae.
- Nellee, Mal.
- Nelle-kai, Tam.
- Amla, Beng.
- Amlika, Arooli, Aoongra, Hind.
- Aasereki, Tel.
Description.—Tree; leaves alternate, bifarious, pinnate, flower-bearing; leaflets numerous, alternate, linear-obtuse, entire ; petioles striated, round; calyx 6-partcd ; flowers in the male very numerous in the axils of the lower leaflets, and round the common petiole below the leaflets; in the female lew, solitary, sessile, mixed with some males in the most exterior floriferous axils; stigmas 3 ; drupe globular, fleshy, smooth, 6-striated; nut obovate-triangular, 3-celled; seeds 2 in each cell; flowers small, greenish yellow. Fl. April—Nov. — Wight Icon. t. 1896.—Phyllanthus emblica, Linn.—Roxb. fl. Ind. iii. 671.—Rheede Mal. i. t. 38.-------Coromandel. Malabar. Deccan. Bengal.
Medical Uses.—The seeds are given internally as a cooling remedy in bilious affections and nausea, and in infusion make it good drink in fevers. They are also used in diabetes. Infusion of the leaves is applied to sore eyes. Bark of the root mixed with honey is applied to aphthous inflammations of the mouth. The bark of the tree itself is astringent, and is used for tanning purposes. It is medicinally used -in diarrhoea. The fruit is occasionally pickled, or preserved in sugar. "When dry it is said to be gently laxative. In the latter state the decoction is employed in fevers, and mixed with sugar and drunk in vertigo. The young leaves mixed with sour milk are given by the natives in dysentery. In Travancore the natives put the young branches into the wells to impart a pleasant flavour to the water, especially if it be impure from the accumulation of vegetable matter or other causes.—(Ainslie. Rheede.) Antiscorbutic virtues have been attributed to the fruits, which are known as the Emblic Myrobalans. The flowers are employed by the Hindoo doctors for their supposed refrigerant and aperient qualities. The bark partakes of the astringency of the fruit Dr A. Ross prepared, by decoction and evaporation, from the root, an astringent extract equal to catechu both for medicine and the arts.—Pharm. of India.
Economic Uses.—This tree yields a valuable timber."
[Quelle: Drury, Heber <1819 - 1872>: The useful plants of India : with notices of their chief value in commerce, medicine, and the arts. -- 2d ed. with additions and corrections. London : Allen, 1873. -- xvi, 512 p. ; 22 cm. -- s.v.]
Dutt:
"PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA, Linn. Syn. Emblica officinalis, Gaertn.
Sans. Amalaki, Dhātri. Vern. Amloki, Beng. Aonlā, Hind.
Like chebulic myrobalan, emblic myrobalan is also extensively used in Hindu medicine, both alone and in combination with the two other myrobalans. The fresh fruits are globular, six-striated, with a fleshy, acidulous pulp. A preserve of the ripe fruits made with sugar, is considered a wholesome article of diet and a preservative of health. The dried fruits are wrinkled, of a blackish grey colour, and have an acidulous, astringent taste.
The properties of emblic myrobalan are said to resemble those of the chebulic. The fresh juice is cooling, refrigerant, diuretic and laxative. The dried fruits are astringent and useful in haemorrhages. It is said that the exudation from incisions made on the fruits while on the tree, is a very useful external application in recent inflammation of the eye. It is also used as a collyrium.
The following preparation is used as a cooling and stomachic drink in irritability of the stomach. Take of emblic myrobalan, raisins, sugar and honey, eight tolas each, water half a seer; rub them together, strain through cloth and administer the strained fluid in suitable doses.
About two drachms of emblic myrobalan is recommended to be given in the form of a paste, with the addition of honey for checking menorrhagia and discharge of blood from the uterus. The fresh juice of the ripe fruits is given with honey as a diuretic. A paste of the fruits is applied over the pubic region in irritability of the bladder.
Khandāmalaki, or confection of emblic myrobalan. Take of the pulp of an old gourd of Benincasa cerifera, ( kushminda ) four hundred tolas, clarified butter two seers, sugar four hundred tolās, fresh emblic myrobalans four seers, juice of the gourd of Benincasa cerifera, four seers ; first dry the pulp of the gourd and fry it in the clarified butter. Express the juice of the emblic myrobalans and boil the fried pulp in the mixed juices of the emblic myrobalan and the pumpkin, with the addition of the sugar. When the syrup is thick enough, add the following aromatic substances, namely, long pepper, nigella seeds and ginger, each sixteen tolas, black pepper eight tolas, coriander, cinnamon, leaves called tejapatra, cardamoms, flowers of Mesua ferrea ( nāgakesara ), tubers of Cyperus rotundus ( mustaka ), and the leaves of Pinus Webbiana (tālisa ), each two tolas (all in fine powder ) and stir with a ladle till intimately mixed. Then add honey one seer and stir well till reduced to the consistence of a confection. This preparation is said to be useful in dyspepsia with pain and vomiting after meals, disinclination for food, pain in the precordial region, etc. It promotes the appetite and acts as a tonic.
Dhātri lauha. Take of powdered emblic myrobalan, sixty-four tolas, prepared iron thirty-two tolas, liquorice powder sixteen tolas, mix them together and soak in the juice of gulancha for seven times successively. This preparation is given in doses of twenty to forty grains in anaemia, jaundice and dyspepsia.
Dhatri arishta or fermented liquor of emblic myrobalan. Take the fresh juice of two thousand emblic myrobalans, honey in quantity equal to one-eighth of the juice, powdered long pepper sixteen tolas, sugar six seers and a quarter; mix them together, boil for a while and leave the mixture to ferment in an earthen jar. This liquor is used in jaundice, dyspepsia, indigestion, cough, etc."
[Quelle: Dutt, Uday Chand: The materia medica of the Hindus / Uday Chand Dutt. With a glossary of Indian plants by George King. -- 2. ed. with additions and alterations / by Binod Lall Sen & Ashutosh Sen. -- Calcutta, 1900. - XVIII, 356 S. -- S. 225ff.]