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An Elementary Grammar of the Kannada, or Canarese Language

by Thomas Hodson

28. Syntax of the Infinitive Mood (§§ 239 - 246)

Zitierweise / cite as:

Hodson, Thomas: An elementary grammar of the Kannada, or Canarese language. -- 28. Syntax of the Infinitive Mood (§§ 239 - 246). -- Fassung vom 2011-08-26. -- URL: http://www.payer.de/hodson/hodson28.htm

First published as:  Hodson, Thomas: An elementary grammar of the Kannada, or Canarese language ; in which every word used in the examples is translated, and the pronunciation is given in English characters. -- 2. ed. -- Bangalore : Wesleyan Mission Press, 1864. -- 128 p. ; 23 cm.

First time published here: 2011-08-26

Revisions:

©opyright: Public domain

This text is part of the section Sanskrit und Indien  of Tüpfli's Global Village Library

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Syntax [ಪ್ರಯೋಗ prayōga] of the Infinitive Mood [ಭಾವರೂಪ bhāvarūpa]

239. The infinitive mood is governed by the verb which follows it; as,

• ನಿಲ್ಲ ಮಾಡಿದನು nilla māḍidanu, He made to stop.
• ನನ್ನನ್ನು ಹೋಗ ಹೇಳಿದನು nannannu hōga hēḷidanu, He told me to go.

240. Occasionally when the infinitive is followed by the present or future tense of ಹೋಗು hōgu, go, futurity is denoted; as,

• ಸೇತುವೆ ಕಟ್ಟ ಹೋಗುತ್ತಾರೆ sētuve kaṭṭa hōguttāre, They are going to build a bridge.

241. When the infinitive is followed by the words ಕೊಡು koḍu, give, ಕೊಡಿಸು koḍisu, and ಈಸು īsu, to cause to give, permission is denoted; as,

• ಮಾಡ ಕೊಡು māḍa koḍu, Permit to do.
• ಅವರ ಅವನನ್ನು ಹೋಗ ಗೊಡಿಸಲಿಲ್ಲ avaru avanannu hōga goḍisalilla, They did not allow him to go.
• ಅವನು ನನ್ನನ್ನು ತನ್ನ ಮನೆಗೆ ಬರಲೀಸನು avanu nannannu tanna manege baralīsanu, He will not permit me to come to his house.

242. The infinitive in ಲು lu, followed by ಒಲ್ಲು ollu, is used to denote unwillingness; as,

• ನಾನು ಮಾಡಲೊಲ್ಲೆನು nānu māḍalollenu, I will not (am not willing to) do.
• ಕಾಡಲೊಲ್ಲಳು kāḍalollaḷu, She will not sing.

243. The infinitive in ಲು lu, followed by ಇಲ್ಲ illa, there is not, denotes negation of a past action; as,

• ನಾನು ಕೇಳಲಿಲ್ಲ nānu kēḷalilla, I did not hear; or, I have not heard.

244. When the infinitive is followed by a noun composed of ಉಳ್ಳ uḷḷa, and a personal pronoun, obligation or responsibility is denoted; as,

• ನಾನು ಕೊಡಲುಳ್ಳುವನು nānu koḍaluḷḷuvanu, I must (am obliged to) give.
• ಅವರು ಹೋಗಲುಳ್ಳವರು avaru hōgaluḷḷavaru, They are the persons who must go.

245. In relating contemporaneous or closely successive actions of the same or different agents, any number of infinitives in ಲು lu, may be used in succession, followed by the finite verb expressing the principal or concluding action. The infinitives would be rendered into English by as, since, whilst, when, &c.

• ಲಂಕಾ ಪಟ್ಣದಲ್ಲಿ ರಾಕ್ಷಸ ಸೇನೆಗಳು ದುಕ್ಖಿಸಲು, ವಾನರ ಸೇನೆಗಳು ಸಂತೋಷಿಸಲು, ವೇವತೆಗಳು ರಾಮ ಜಯವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಾರ್ಥಿಸಲು, ಶ್ರೀ ರಾಮನು ದುರ್ಜನಾದ ರಾವಣನನ್ನು ಸಂಹರಿಸಿದನು laṃkā paṭṇadalli rākṣasa sēnegaḷu dukkhisalu, vānara sēnegaḷu saṃtōṣisalu, dēvategaḷu rāma jayavannu prārthisalu, śrī rāmanu durjananāda rāvaṇanannu saṃharisidanu, Whilst the forces of the giants were grieving in the city of Laṅkā, the monkey army rejoicing, and the demigods praying for the victory of Rāma slew the wicked Rāvaṇa.

246. The past gerund ಆಗಿ āgi, may be added to these infinitives without affecting the sense; as,

• ದುಕ್ಖಿಸಲಾಗಿ dukkhisalāgi
• ಸಂತೋಷಿಸಲಾಗಿ saṃtoṣisalāgi
• ಪ್ರಾರ್ಥಿಸಲಾಗಿ prārthisalāgi

To 29. Syntax of the Imperative Mood (§§ 247 - 252)