Chronik Thailands

กาลานุกรมสยามประเทศไทย

von

Alois Payer

Chronik 1810 (Rama II.)


Zitierweise / cite as:

Payer, Alois <1944 - >: Chronik Thailands = กาลานุกรมสยามประเทศไทย. -- Chronik 1810 (Rama II.). -- Fassung vom 2015-07-02. -- URL: http://www.payer.de/thailandchronik/chronik1810.htm  

Erstmals publiziert: 2013-06-29

Überarbeitungen: 2015-07-02 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-05-09 [Teilung des Kapitels] ; 2015-05-07 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-04-21 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-03-31 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-03-15 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-03-03 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-01-28 [Ergänzungen] ; 2015-01-13 [Ergänzungen] ; 2014-12-21 [Ergänzungen] ; 2014-11-11 [Ergänzungen] ; 2014-10-20 [Ergänzungen] ; 2014-08-27 [Ergänzungen] ; 2014-02-26 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-12-18 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-11-25 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-11-07 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-10-09 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-10-03 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-09-27 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-09-15 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-08-26 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-08-23 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-08-20 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-08-17 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-07-06 [Ergänzungen] ; 2013-06-30 [Ergänzungen]

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Dieser Text ist Teil der Abteilung Thailand von Tüpfli's Global Village Library


ช้างตายทั้งตัวเอาใบบัวปิดไม่มิด


 

 

Gewidmet meiner lieben Frau

Margarete Payer

die seit unserem ersten Besuch in Thailand 1974 mit mir die Liebe zu den und die Sorge um die Bewohner Thailands teilt.

 


1810 undatiert


1810 - 1825

Jao Sumon Devaraj (เจ้าสุมนเทวราช)  ist Herrscher von Nan (น่าน)

1810

Erhebung der Sklaven und Frondienstpflichtigen:

"Another early decision was the ordering of a complete census of manpower, which involved checking the numbers of people for whom each nāi [นาย] was responsible, the tattooing of appropriate symbols on the wrists of subjects who had not yet been tattooed or who had changed status, and the making of a new written record. In the decree, the king decided on the following measures:
  1. The settling of all disputes regarding people’s registered status, during the general registration drive.
  2. The general announcement to reach all the run-away phrai [ไพร่], prisoners-of-war, and debt-slaves who were in hiding, to return to their old patrons. If they gave themselves up they would not be punished. If the phrai luang [ไพร่หลวง] and redeemable slaves felt unable to return to their old patrons, on this one occasion they could choose themselves a new patron. However, once they had chosen, they could not use this right again. Moreover, this right was only given to phrai in Bangkok and its immediate surroundings; provincial people had to remain in their provinces.
  3. The forceful arrest and imprisonment of those runaway people who did not give themselves up voluntarily-
  4. The tattooing of all people according to their patrons, and the punishment of all those who connived to circumvent the registration.
  5. The lowering of the period of corvée [ราชการ] for phrai luang in the provinces to one month of service in every four months, releasing them to work for themselves the other three months."

[Quelle: Terwiel, Barend Jan <1941 - >: A history of modern Thailand 1767 - 1942. -- St. Lucia [u. a.] : Univ. of Queensland Press, 1983. -- 379 S. ; 22 cm. -- S. 100f..]

1810

Einwanderung von Kambodschanern auf der Insel Khong (ໂຂງ) im Fürstentum Champasak (ຈຳປາສັກ)


Abb.: Lage von Khong (ໂຂງ), 1885

1810 - 1812

Bau einer Brücke über den Mekong (ແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ) bei Vientiane (ວຽງຈັນ) durch Laoten.


Abb.: Lage von Vientiane (ວຽງຈັນ)
[Bildquelle: OpenStreetMap. -- Creative Commons Lizenz (Namensnennung, share alike)]

1810 (?)

Siam muss die Hafenstadt Hatien (河仙 / ព឵ម - Piem) an Vietnam (越南) abtreten.


Abb.: Lage von  Hatien (
河仙 / ព឵ម - Piem)
[Bildquelle: OpenStreetMap. -- Creative Commons Lizenz (Namensnennung, share alike)]

1810

Der Gouverneur von Satun (สตูล / ساتون, Teil von Kedah), Tunku Bisnu ibni al-Marhum Sultan ‘Abdu’llah al-Mukarram Shah, der Bruder des Sultans von Kedah (قدح) geht nach Bangkok und stellt dort die Loyalität des Sultans von Kedah, Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II, in Frage. Er wird dabei vom Gouverneur von Singora / Songkhla (สงขลา) unterstützt. Bangkok unterstellt darum 1811 Satun unter Singora. Tunku Bisnu bekommt die Herrschaft über die Flußtäler des Yan-, Merbok und Muda-Flusses.


Abb.: Lage von Satun (สตูล / ساتون),  Kedah (قدح) und  Singora / Songkhla (สงขลา)
[Bildquelle: Constables Hand Atlas of India, 1893. -- Pl. 59]


Abb.: Lage des Merbok- und Muda-Flusses
[Bildquelle:
Swettenham, Frank Athelstane <1850 - 1946>: British  Malaya, 1907. -- Beilage]

1810


Abb.: Zentraleuropa 1810
[Bildquelle: Bartholomew, J. G. <1860 - 1920>: A literary & historical atlas of Europe. -- London, o. J.]


1810 datiert


1810-01

Eine alliierte siamesisch-malaiische Flotte kommt zur Befreiung Phukets (ภูเก็ต) von der birmanischen Besatzung. Verschiedene Schlachten.

1810-01-22

Der französische Missionar Jean-Baptiste-René Rabeau M.E.P. (1766 - 1810) schreibt aus Phuket (ภูเก็ต) an den Missionar Michel-Pierre Rectenwald M.E.P. (1755 - 1822) in Penang:

".... One will have already perhaps received news at Poulo-Pinang [Pulau Penang] of the storming and burning of the town and fortress of Junk- Ceylon [= Phuket - ภูเก็ต]. This news is unfortunately all too true. After a very bloody siege of four weeks, the fortress, the hope and refuge of all the inhabitants of the island, has been burnt and taken by the enemy; some of the inhabitants have been killed, a great number made prisoners, and the majority scattered about in the forests.

"As for myself, I had arrived at Junk Ceylon on a Saturday, towards midnight. The following day after I had celebrated the holy mass, I received intimation that the sign of war had been seen; that the Burmese were already disembarked, I at once took my prayer-book, and a bag of medicine which I carried with me for the relieving of the unfortunate, and I fled into the citadel. I remained there all the time of the siege, I was always in perpetual fright; but thanks to God, I received no injury. I was busy tending to the sick, visiting those who listened to the words of God, and to preach everybody the holy name of Jesus Christ. God had chosen and called to Him three adults, two of whom were Buddhist priests, and twenty small children, I baptized them all in the night when the fortress fell into the hands of the enemy.

"After a lot of deliberations and useless efforts in order to retain the Christians united together for the prayer, they absolutely wanted to go out of the citadel. I followed them; but having met the enemy in the middle of the citadel, the Burmese with the naked swords and spears in hand, kept us in a small hut, where we waited for a sure death. Then in accordance with the resolution I had taken at the beginning, I advanced towards them, holding a cross in my right hand, and the picture of the Holy Virgin in my left, and I said to them: ‘I am a priest of living God; I never do harm to anybody.’ God touched their heart; they put their hands on my head and on those of the Christians who followed me, and they made us sit down; they then tied us up and took my long clothe and my prayer-book, afterwards they untied us, and under the protection of one of their chiefs, they led us to a camp, put fetters to our feet and closed the exits. I remained in the open air until about ten o’clock in the morning; they would not spare us any threat nor any opprobrium. They have divested me of all my clothes, except my pants...."

These men were carried off to Mergui [မြိတ်မြို့] and then to Rangoon [ရန်ကုန်], so he related."

[Zitiert in: Manich Jumsai [มานิจ ชุมสาย] <1908 - 2009>: Popular history of Thailand. -- Bangkok : Chalermnit, 1972. -- S. 441ff.]

1810-03-10

In einer Seeschlacht bei Pak Pra (ปากพระ) schlägt die siamesisch-malaiische Flotte die Birmanen. Phuket (ภูเก็ต) wird befreit.

1810-06 - 1810-09

Dritte Invasion Burmas auf Phuket (ภูเก็ต). Nach zwei Monaten geben die Birmanen auf. Sie hinterlassen ein entvölkertes Land.

Von den 12.000 bis 15.000 Einwohnern vor der Invasion

Entlang der Küste gibt es weiterhin zahlreiche Attacken von Norden und von Süden, um Sklaven zu machen. Darum bleibt Phuket lange entvölkert.

1810-06-28

Die Generalversammlung der Kongregationalisten in Massachusetts (USA) gründet das American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions  (ABCFM).  Dieses wird aufgrund eines Antrags von Karl Gützlaff (1803 - 1851, Niederländische Missionsgesellschaft) Und Jacob Tomlin (1793 - 1880, London Missionary Society) 1831 Rev David Abeel (1804 - 1846) und Mr. Jacob Tomlin  (1793 - 1880) nach Siam schicken, um die Situation zu erkunden. ABCFM sowie das American Baptist Board entsenden darauf Missionare nach Siam, unter anderen:


Verwendete Ressourcen


ausführlich: http://www.payer.de/thailandchronik/ressourcen.htm


Zu Chronik 1811 (Rama II.)